Pages

Saturday, June 20, 2020

Main concepts in philosophy of quantum information

Quantum mechanics involves a generalized form of information, that of quantum information. It is the transfinite generalization of information and representable by transfinite ordinals. The physical world being in the current of time shares the quality of “choice”. Thus quantum information can be seen as the universal substance of the world serving to describe uniformly future, past, and thus the present as the frontier of time. Future is represented as a coherent whole, present as a choice among infinitely many alternatives, and past as a well-ordering obtained as a result of a series of choices. The concept of quantum information describes the frontier of time, that “now”, which transforms future into past. Quantum information generalizes information from finite to infinite series or collections. The concept of quantum information allows of any physical entity to be interpreted as some nonzero quantity of quantum information. The fundament of quantum information is the concept of ‘quantum bit’, “qubit”. A qubit is a choice among an infinite set of alternatives. It generalizes the unit of classical information, a bit, which refer to a finite set of alternatives. The qubit is also isomorphic to a ball in Euclidean space, in which two points are chosen.
Key words: quantum information, free will, choice, qubit, quantity of quantum information, transfinite generalization of information



The paper as a PDF or @ SocArxiv, or @ SSRN, or @ PhilPapers

Tuesday, June 9, 2020

The Kochen - Specker theorem in quantum mechanics: a philosophical comment (part 1 & part 2)

PART 1:
Non-commuting quantities and hidden parameters – Wave-corpuscular dualism and hidden parameters – Local or nonlocal hidden parameters – Phase space in quantum mechanics – Weyl, Wigner, and Moyal – Von Neumann’s theorem about the absence of hidden parameters in quantum mechanics and Hermann – Bell’s objection – Quantum-mechanical and mathematical incommeasurability – Kochen – Specker’s idea about their equivalence – The notion of partial algebra – Embeddability of a qubit into a bit – Quantum computer is not Turing machine – Is continuality universal? – Diffeomorphism and velocity – Einstein’s general principle of relativity – „Mach’s principle“ – The Skolemian relativity of the discrete and the continuous – The counterexample in § 6 of their paper – About the classical tautology which is untrue being replaced by the statements about commeasurable quantum-mechanical quantities – Logical hidden parameters – The undecidability of the hypothesis about hidden parameters – Wigner’s work and и Weyl’s previous one – Lie groups, representations, and psi-function – From a qualitative to a quantitative expression of relativity − psi-function, or the discrete by the random – Bartlett’s approach − psi-function as the characteristic function of random quantity – Discrete and/ or continual description – Quantity and its “digitalized projection“ – The idea of „velocity−probability“ – The notion of probability and the light speed postulate – Generalized probability and its physical interpretation – A quantum description of macro-world – The period of the as-sociated de Broglie wave and the length of now – Causality equivalently replaced by chance – The philosophy of quantum information and religion – Einstein’s thesis about “the consubstantiality of inertia ant weight“ – Again about the interpretation of complex velocity – The speed of time – Newton’s law of inertia and Lagrange’s formulation of mechanics – Force and effect – The theory of tachyons and general relativity – Riesz’s representation theorem – The notion of covariant world line – Encoding a world line by psi-function – Spacetime and qubit − psi-function by qubits – About the physical interpretation of both the complex axes of a qubit – The interpretation of the self-adjoint operators components – The world line of an arbitrary quantity – The invariance of the physical laws towards quantum object and apparatus – Hilbert space and that of Minkowski – The relationship between the coefficients of -function and the qubits – World line = psi-function + self-adjoint operator – Reality and description – Does a „curved“ Hilbert space exist? – The axiom of choice, or when is possible a flattening of Hilbert space? – But why not to flatten also pseudo-Riemannian space? – The commutator of conjugate quantities – Relative mass – The strokes of self-movement and its philosophical interpretation – The self-perfection of the universe – The generalization of quantity in quantum physics – An analogy of the Feynman formalism – Feynman and many-world interpretation – The psi-function of various objects – Countable and uncountable basis – Generalized continuum and arithmetization – Field and entanglement – Function as coding – The idea of „curved“ Descartes product – The environment of a function – Another view to the notion of velocity-probability – Reality and description – Hilbert space as a model both of object and description – The notion of holistic logic – Physical quantity as the information about it – Cross-temporal correlations – The forecasting of future – Description in separable and inseparable Hilbert space – „Forces“ or „miracles“ – Velocity or time – The notion of non-finite set – Dasein or Dazeit – The trajectory of the whole – Ontological and onto-theological difference – An analogy of the Feynman and many-world interpretation − psi-function as physical quantity – Things in the world and instances in time – The generation of the physi-cal by mathematical – The generalized notion of observer – Subjective or objective probability – Energy as the change of probability per the unite of time – The generalized principle of least action from a new view-point – The exception of two dimensions and Fermat’s last theorem
Keywords: Kochen – Specker theorem, generalized relativity, Hilbert space, Minkowski space, world line by psi-function, psi-function by qubits



The published paper (part 1: (2013) Philosophical Altertnatives 22 (1): 67-77) as a PDF or @ PhilPapers



PART 2:The text is a continuation of the article of the same name published in the previous issue of Philosophical Alternatives. The philosophical interpretations of the Kochen- Specker theorem (1967) are considered. Einstein's principle regarding the,consubstantiality of inertia and gravity" (1918) allows of a parallel between descriptions of a physical micro-entity in relation to the macro-apparatus on the one hand, and of physical macro-entities in relation to the astronomical mega-entities on the other. The Bohmian interpretation ( 1952) of quantum mechanics proposes that all quantum systems be interpreted as dissipative ones and that the theorem be thus derstood. The conclusion is that the continual representation, by force or (gravitational) field between parts interacting by means of it, of a system is equivalent to their mutual entanglement if representation is discrete. Gravity (force field) and entanglement are two different, correspondingly continual and discrete, images of a single common essence. General relativity can be interpreted as a superluminal generalization of special relativity. The postulate exists of an alleged obligatory difference between a model and reality in science and philosophy. It can also be deduced by interpreting a corollary of the heorem. On the other hand, quantum mechanics, on the basis of this theorem and of V on Neumann's (1932), introduces the option that a model be entirely identified as the modeled reality and, therefore, that absolutely reality be recognized: this is a non-standard hypothesis in the epistemology of science. Thus, the true reality begins to be understood mathematically, i.e. in a Pythagorean manner, for its identification with its mathematical model. A few linked problems are highlighted: the role of the axiom of choice forcorrectly interpreting the theorem; whether the theorem can be considered an axiom; whether the theorem can be considered equivalent to the negation of the axiom.

Keywords: Kochen- Specker theorem relativity entanglement model and reality Bohmian interpretation of quantum mechanics axiom of choice



The published paper (part 2: (2013) Philosophical Altertnatives 22 (3): 74-83) as a PDF or @ PhilPapers



Sunday, June 7, 2020

Continuity and Continuum in Nonstandard Universum

One can consider two complementary Peano arithmetics both staandard, but well-ordered oppositely to each other. For examplle, the one starts from "1" by the function of suucessor interpreted as "+1", and the other one, from the odinal of the countable set, "omega" by the function of successor interpreted as "-1". The former needs only the Peano axiioms, and the latter (or both consistently) needs them and (ZFC) set theory. Thus, those two complimentary Peano arithmetics are a tool for studyimg problems and paradoxes about the foundations of mathematics (e.g. Gödel's incopletenes/ inconsitency of Peano arithmetic to ZFC set theory).
Furthermore, one can admit a "nonstandard interpretation" of Peano arithmetic to reconcile the two complimentary Peano arithmetics to each other in order to be valid simultaneously: its first element can be interpreted both as "1" or as "omega", and the function of successor as "= successor". This implies the cyclicicity of that nonstandard interpretation, as well as a "topological" or ("pre-topological") meaning of the axiom of choice as the "topological cut" of the cyclicity or coherence of the whole into a well-ordering. "Choice", "(quantum) information", "bit", and "qubit" can asquire a relevant topological (or pre-topological) meaning.





The presentation also as a PDF, a video, or as slides @ Easychair

Friday, June 5, 2020

Quantum Measure from a Philosophical Viewpoint

The paper discusses the philosophical conclusions, which the interrelation between quantum mechanics and general relativity implies by quantum measure. Quantum measure is three-dimensional, both universal as the Borel measure and complete as the
Lebesgue one. Its unit is a quantum bit (qubit) and can be considered as a generalization of the unit of classical information, a bit. It allows quantum mechanics to be interpreted in terms of quantum information, and all physical processes to be seen as informational in a generalized sense. This implies a fundamental connection between the physical and material, on the one hand, and the mathematical and ideal, on the other hand. Quantum measure unifies them by a common and joint informational unit.
Quantum mechanics and general relativity can be understood correspondingly as the holistic and temporal aspect of one and the same, the state of a quantum system, e.g. that of the universe as a whole.

Keywords: measurement, quantum mechanics, general relativity, quantum information, entanglement



The published paper also as a PDF or @ PhilPapers

Thursday, June 4, 2020

The sequrity of quantum cryptography

A prsentation 12 years ago:
Quantum cryptography (or QKD) offers an automated procedure for distributing secret keys utilizing generally used communication fibres. The revolutionary characteristic of Q KD is that it is intrinsically secure: the key cannot be acquired by an eavesdropper without the sender and addressee's knowledge. Moreover, QKD permits the key to be changed often.The philosophical meaning if quantum cryptography consists of existing an absolute secure communication which guarantees on private inviolability from Big Brother's infringement.



The presentation also as a PDF, a video or as slides @ EasyChair



The published paper as a PDF

Wednesday, June 3, 2020

Time: From the Totality to Quantum Information

The paper justifies the following theses: The totality can found time if the latter is axiomatically represented by its “arrow” as a well-ordering. Time can found choice and thus information in turn. Quantum information and its units, the quantum bits, can be interpreted as their generalization as to infinity and underlying the physical world as well as the ultimate substance of the world both subjective and objective. Thus a pathway of interpretation between the totality via time, order, choice, and information to the substance of the world is constructed. The article is based only on the well-known facts and definitions and is with no premises in this sense. Nevertheless it is naturally situated among works and ideas of Husserl and Heidegger, linked to the foundation of mathematics by the axiom of choice, to the philosophy of quantum mechanics and information.
Key words: choice, order, quantum information, time, totality, well-ordering




The paper as a PDF or @ repositories: @ EasyChair, @ SocArxiv, @ PhilPapers, @ SSRN

Mass at rest after quantum information

The way, in which quantum information can unify quantum mechanics (and therefore the Standard model) and general relativity, is investigated. Quantum information is defined as the generalization of the concept of information as to the choice among infinite sets of alternatives. Relevantly, the axiom of choice is necessary in general. The unit of quantum information, a qubit is interpreted as a relevant elementary choice among an infinite set of alternatives generalizing that of a bit. The invariance to the axiom of choice shared by quantum mechanics is introduced: It constitutes quantum information as the relation of any state unorderable in principle (e.g. any coherent quantum state before measurement) and the same state already well-ordered (e.g. the well-ordered statistical ensemble of the measurement of the quantum system at issue). This allows of equating the classical and quantum time correspondingly as the well-ordering of any physical quantity or quantities and their coherent superposition. That equating is interpretable as the isomorphism of Minkowski space and Hilbert space. Quantum information is the structure interpretable in both ways and thus underlying their unification. Its deformation is representable correspondingly as gravitation in the deformed pseudo-Riemannian space of general relativity and the entanglement of two or more quantum systems. The Standard model studies a single quantum system and thus privileges a single reference frame turning out to be inertial for the generalized symmetry U(1)XSU(2)XSU(3) “gauging” the Standard model. As the Standard model refers to a single quantum system, it is necessarily linear and thus the corresponding privileged reference frame is necessary inertial. The Higgs mechanism U(1) → U(1)XSU(2) confirmed enough already experimentally describes exactly the choice of the initial position of a privileged reference frame as the corresponding breaking of the symmetry. The Standard model defines ‘mass at rest’ linearly and absolutely, but general relativity non-linearly and relatively. The “Big Bang” hypothesis is additional interpreting that position as that of the “Big Bang”. It serves also in order to reconcile the linear Standard model in the singularity of the “Big Bang” with the observed nonlinearity of the further expansion of the universe described very well by general relativity. Quantum information links the Standard model and general relativity in another way by mediation of entanglement. The linearity and absoluteness of the former and the nonlinearity and relativeness of the latter can be considered as the relation of a whole and the same whole divided into parts entangled in general.
Keywords: general relativity, the Standard model, quantum information, mass at rest, qubit, the Big Bang



The paper as a PDFor @ repositories: @ EasyChair, @ SocArxiv;
the published paper "(Is Mass at Rest One and the Same? A Philosophical Comment: on the Quantum Information Theory of Mass in General Relativity and the Standard Model," Журнал Сибирского федерального университета. Гуманитарные науки. Journal of Siberian Federal University. Humanities & Social Sciences (2014) 7 (4): 704-720.)

Tuesday, June 2, 2020

Being and Knowledge along any postmetaphysical context (new, 2020 edition)

1. Being&Probability. 2. Time&Fractal
What means “Being and Knowledge along any post-metaphysical context”?
I mean “Being&Knowledge along of any post-metaphysical contexts”:
“Being&Knowledge” means: Being and Knowledge are the same: Being, which is Knowledge&Knowledge, which is Being, i.e. Being=Knowledge
From Being&KnowledgetoBeing&Probability:
It is Informationthat is Substance of Being, which is Knowledge.
Informationis a relation between probabilities.
Granted is: two kinds of probabilties –subjective and objective. We reckon objective probabilities for Being and we reckon subjective probabilities for Knowledge.
1. Being&Probability.



The presentation also as a PDF, a video or as slides @ EasyChair

2. Time&Fractal



The presentation also as a PDF, a video or as slides @ EasyChair